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Earth science research, climate change, and global warming. The latest news and updates from Phys.org

1. Scientists explain why Myanmar quake was so deadly14:14[-/+]

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Experts say that the devastating earthquake in Myanmar on Friday was likely the strongest to hit the country in decades, with disaster modeling suggesting thousands could be dead.

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2. Nuclear monitoring system suggests landslide cut off internet in west Africa13:57[-/+]

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Hydroacoustic signals captured by the world's international nuclear monitoring system suggest an underwater landslide may have broken communications cables and disrupted internet traffic in west African countries for several weeks in March 2024.

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3. What to know about earthquakes like the one that hit Myanmar08:20[-/+]

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Early Friday, a major 7.7 magnitude earthquake that originated near Mandalay, Myanmar, shook the Earth as far as Bangkok, about 800 miles (1,300 kilometers) away.

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4. How the failure of two dams amplified the Derna Flood tragedyПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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A new study reveals that the devastating 2023 flood in Derna, Libya, was not merely the result of extreme rainfall but was drastically intensified by a major design shortcoming and its resulting collapse of two embankment dams.

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5. Study reveals key linkages between westerly wind bursts and El Nino developmentПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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El Nino, a climate phenomenon marked by warming sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific, is known to trigger extreme weather events worldwide, from droughts and floods to disruptions in agriculture and ecosystems. Despite its global impact, the mechanisms behind El Nino remain complex and not fully understood, making accurate predictions challenging.

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6. Clouds and conspiracies: concerns over push to make rainПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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Can countries control the clouds? And should they? As climate change drives floods and drought, rainmaking is in fashion across the world, despite mixed evidence that it works and concerns it can stoke cross-border tensions.

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7. Regional climate signals pose new challenges for climate scienceПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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Climate science has correctly predicted many aspects of the climate system and its response to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. Recently, discrepancies between the real world and our expectations of regional climate changes have emerged, as have disruptive new computational approaches.

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8. Hot wheels: Researcher cycles through Mississauga to map air temperature differences across the cityПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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A recent study by researchers at the University of Toronto Mississauga offers a more precise way to map urban air temperatures, which could help cities better understand local heat patterns and their potential effects.

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9. Strong earthquake rocks Thai capital of Bangkok, prompting evacuations from swaying buildingsПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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A strong 7.7 magnitude earthquake rocked the Thai capital Friday, causing buildings to sway.

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10. Arctic sea ice hits record low for its usual peak growth periodПт, 28 мар[-/+]

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Arctic sea ice had its weakest winter buildup since record-keeping began 47 years ago, a symptom of climate change that will have repercussions globally, scientists said Thursday.

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11. Earth's storage of water in soil, lakes and rivers is dwindling. And it's especially bad for farmingЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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University of Melbourne hydrology professor Dongryeol Ryu and his collaborator Ki-Weon Seo were on a train to visit Ryu's family when they found something startling. Stopped at a station for technical issues, Seo had pulled out his computer to pass the time with some work when a result popped up in their data that Ryu could hardly believe: It suggested a "remarkable" amount of Earth's water stored on land had been depleted.

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12. Not just the Internet: Foresight uses fiber optics to detect structural damage after earthquakesЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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A new method based on optical interferometry, to monitor structural damage to buildings hit by earthquakes in real time, is the outcome of the Foresight research project, led by the Politecnico di Milano and carried out together with INRiM—the National Metrology Institute of Italy and INGV—the National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology.

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13. Increased meltwater and rain help explain why Southern Ocean cooling has defied predictionsЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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Global climate models predict that the ocean around Antarctica should be warming, but in reality, those waters have cooled over most of the past four decades.

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14. Drone experiment reveals how Greenland ice sheet is changingЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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For the first time, researchers have collected detailed measurements of water vapor high above the surface of the Greenland ice sheet. Their research, aided by a custom-designed drone, could help scientists improve ice loss calculations in rapidly warming polar regions.

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15. Could a deeper understanding of the seasons and how they are changing improve resilience to climate change?Чт, 27 мар[-/+]

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Are daffodils in bloom earlier? Does cherry blossom appear earlier these days? And are distinct, new "seasons" starting to appear too? New University of York research is examining changing seasons and what this means for how we approach climate change.

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16. Researchers create global 3D dataset of seawater pH using stepwise FFNN algorithmЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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Ocean acidification, caused by the ongoing absorption of atmospheric CO2, poses threats to marine ecosystems and biodiversity. Accurately assessing variations in seawater pH is crucial for evaluating biological responses to acidification and predicting the ocean's capacity for carbon sequestration.

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17. Voyage tracks some of the world's fiercest ocean currents in the Mozambique ChannelЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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The Mozambique Channel, between Mozambique and Madagascar, is home to some of the most turbulent waters in the ocean. Swirling at a rate of more than 1 meter per second, currents in the channel can form structures known as anticyclonic rings that spread up to 350 kilometers across—about the width of Missouri—and extend 2,000 meters below the surface.

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18. Arctic sea ice hits lowest peak in satellite record, says US agencyЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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This year's Arctic sea ice peak is the lowest in the 47-year satellite record, according to data released by the US National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) on Thursday, as Earth continues to swelter under the mounting effects of human-driven climate change.

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19. Fire fighting helicopter tackles Thailand blazesЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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A bright orange helicopter races over the jungle to dump water on a raging wildfire that is adding to the air pollution choking Thailand's northern tourist hub of Chiang Mai.

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20. Damaging cluster of UK winter storms driven by swirling polar vortex miles above Earth, scientists sayЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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Powerful winter storms which led to deaths and power outages in the UK and Ireland were made more likely by an intense swirling vortex of winds miles above the Arctic, say scientists.

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21. Losing forest carbon stocks could put climate goals out of reach, scientists warnЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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In the past, intact forests absorbed 7.8 billion metric tons of CO2 annually—about a fifth of all human emissions—but their carbon storage is increasingly at risk from climate change and human activities such as deforestation.

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22. South Korea wildfires 'largest on record': disaster chiefЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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Wildfires in South Korea are now the largest and deadliest on record, having burned more forest and killed more people than any previous blaze, officials said Thursday, as the death toll hit 27.

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23. Developing a clearer understanding of permafrost thaw risk in AlaskaЧт, 27 мар[-/+]

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In the Arctic, permafrost plays a crucial role in building infrastructure. However, as the region warms and permafrost thaws, infrastructure is threatened as the ground shifts beneath the built environment. Unfortunately, the full extent of the risks associated with this process is not yet realized, but researchers are working to address this knowledge gap.

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24. Virtual reality videos can increase environmental awareness and motivation to donateСр, 26 мар[-/+]

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A group of media psychologists at the University of Cologne, led by Professor Dr. Kai Kaspar has examined the effects of presenting environmental protection documentaries by way of 360° virtual reality (VR) videos compared with the use of other more traditional media forms. VR videos are interactive 360° videos that allow viewers to immerse themselves in a digital environment and explore it from different angles, often with the help of VR headsets or glasses.

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25. High mortality risk found from increase in hot-dry events in ChinaСр, 26 мар[-/+]

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As global warming intensifies and populations continue to grow, the likelihood of extreme high-temperature events is increasing. Hot–dry compound events, in particular, pose a direct threat to human health. High temperatures can have prolonged and delayed effects on people's health; and under conditions of low relative humidity, the mortality associated with extreme heat rises significantly.

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26. Regional trends may explain Hadley circulation intensity discrepancyСр, 26 мар[-/+]

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The Hadley circulation, a fundamental component of Earth's atmospheric system, plays a crucial role in global climate regulation by transporting energy and moisture between the tropics and higher latitudes. However, recent studies have revealed a puzzling discrepancy: while reanalysis data suggest a strengthening of the global zonal mean Hadley circulation intensity, climate model simulations predict a weakening trend. What causes this contradiction?

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27. Forecasting the future of Southern Ocean ecosystemsСр, 26 мар[-/+]

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Ecosystems in the Southern Ocean, the body of water surrounding Antarctica, are under threat from climate change. The area's inhabitants, from whales to krill to phytoplankton, face changes such as a loss in sea ice and rising ocean temperatures. If species that are unique to the area, such as the Antarctic toothfish, dwindle in population as a result, this decrease could affect fishery operations and lead to cascading socioeconomic and geopolitical consequences.

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28. New research sheds light on earliest days of Earth's formationСр, 26 мар[-/+]

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New research led by a York University professor sheds light on the earliest days of Earth's formation and potentially calls into question some earlier assumptions in planetary science about the early years of rocky planets. Establishing a direct link between Earth's interior dynamics occurring within the first 100 million years of its history and its present-day structure, the work is one of the first in the field to combine fluid mechanics with chemistry to better understand Earth's early evolution.

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29. Protecting undersea cultural heritage in spotlight at mining code talksСр, 26 мар[-/+]

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The world's oceans harbor a cultural heritage of sunken ships, remains of those lost in the transatlantic slave trade and Indigenous islanders' spiritual ties to the sea that must be protected, NGOs and native peoples say.

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30. Deep sea mining impacts visible for 'many decades'Ср, 26 мар[-/+]

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Scientists said they have seen the first signs of life returning to deep sea mining tracks carved into the abyssal seabed more than four decades ago, but warned on Wednesday that full recovery may be "impossible."

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