| | 1. Human dermal fibroblast senescence in response to single and recurring oxidative stressПт, 28 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Introduction: Aging results in an accumulation of damaged cells, which reduces the health of tissues and their regenerative capabilities. In the skin, there are both internal and external drivers of oxidative stress that result in aging phenotypes. Oxidative stress has been used to model senescence in vitro; however, there has been a lack of research determining whether the severity of oxidative stress correlates with senescent phenotypes.Methods: In this work, we compare cellular and secretory responses to a single (500 uM hydrogen peroxide, 2 hours) or recurring dose of hydrogen peroxide (500 uM hydrogen peroxide, 2 hours + 4 x 300 uM hydrogen peroxide each 48 hours). Senescence induction was studied using markers including cell morphology, senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase, absence of apoptosis, and cell cycle inhibition genes. Next, functional studies of the effects of the signaling of these cells were completed, such as vascular potential, keratinocyte proliferation, and macrophage polarization.Results: Fibroblasts exposed to both single and recurring oxidative stress had increased total cell and nucleic area, increased senescence-associated-beta-galactosidase (SABGAL) expression, and they were able to escape apoptosis – all characteristics of senescent cells. Additionally, cells exposed to recurring oxidative stress expressed increased levels of cell cycle inhibitor genes and decreased expression of collagen-I, -III, and -IV. Cytokine profiling showed that the single stressed cells had a more inflammatory secretory profile. However, in functional assays, the recurring stressed cells had reduced vascular potential, reduced keratinocyte proliferation, and increased IL-1? gene expression in unpolarized and polarized macrophages.Discussion: The described protocol allows for the investigation of the direct effects of single and recurring oxidative stress in fibroblasts and their secretory effects on surrounding healthy cells. These results show that recurringly stressed fibroblasts represent a more intense senescent phenotype, which can be used in in vitro aging studies to understand the severity of senescent responses. | ↑ |
2. Relationship between preoperative high arterial blood lactate level and delirium after deep brain stimulation surgery in Parkinson’s diseaseВт, 25 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Introduction: We performed the retrospective study to investigate the relationship between preoperative arterial blood lactate level and postoperative delirium (POD) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery.Methods: Perioperative data of patients undergoing DBS surgery under total intravenous anesthesia were collected in the study. In addition, mini-mental state exam score for assessing cognitive function and confusion assessment method for assessing perioperative delirium in the PD patients were collected. The relationship between preoperative lactate level and POD was analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis.Results: A total of 156 patients were included, of whom 29 (17.6%) patients developed POD. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative lactate level was independently associated with POD regarding of continuous variable [odds ratio (OR)= 12.46, 95% confidence interval (CI)=3.12–49.71, P=1.41). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that preoperative arterial blood lactate level was a significant predictive biomarker for POD, with an area under the curve of 0.708(95%CI=0.606–0.809, P | ↑ |
3. The relationship between hearing loss and frailty in older adults at risk of cognitive decline: a cross-sectional studyПн, 24 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | ObjectivesTo investigate the association between hearing loss and frailty among a group of older community volunteers with mild cognitive impairment.DesignThis study recruited 162 older community volunteers who have mild cognitive impairment and symmetric age-related hearing loss. Participants’ hearing ability (including peripheral hearing, hearing handicap and central auditory processing) and frailty status were assessed and analysed. An independent t-test was conducted to compare hearing performance between frail and non-frail groups.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences between frail and non-frail groups for speech frequency hearing threshold, overall central auditory processing score and hearing handicap score, but not for high frequency hearing threshold.ConclusionFrail individuals exhibit poorer performance in peripheral and central hearing assessments, as well as in self-reported hearing handicap. Future randomised controlled trials are necessary to find out if the correction of hearing loss decreases the proportion of people affected by frailty in later life. | ↑ |
4. Yoga an integrated mind body intervention for improvement in quality of life in individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and their caregiversПт, 21 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Background and objectiveAlzheimer’s disease (AD) presents profound challenges, significantly impairing quality of life (QOL) for patients and increasing the burden on caregivers. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a tailored 12-week yoga intervention in improving the quality of life for individuals with mild to moderate AD and reducing caregiver burden (CB).MethodsThis is yoga interventional study with healthy controls enrolled 30 participants (18 males, 12 females) diagnosed with mild to moderate AD by an expert neurologist. Participants were aged 60 years or older and were recruited from an old age home. A 12-week yoga program, including specific postures (asanas), pranayama (breathing exercises), and meditation, was conducted for 1 hour daily, 6 days a week. Neurocognitive assessments were performed pre- and post-intervention using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and Caregiver Burden (CB) Scale. MoCA scores were analyzed across specific domains, including language, memory, attention, visuospatial ability, delayed recall, abstraction, and orientation.ResultsThe intervention led to significant improvements in quality-of-life measures. GDS scores decreased from 8.36 ± 2.79 to 5.13 ± 3.07 (P < 0.01; 95% CI: –3.98 to –2.31), while MoCA total scores improved from 18.23 ± 4.90 to 21.10 ± 5.09 (P < 0.01; 95% CI: 2.17–3.89). Domain-specific MoCA scores also showed significant enhancements, particularly in language, attention, and delayed recall. Caregiver burden, measured using the CB Scale, demonstrated notable reductions following the intervention (P < 0.01; 95% CI: –2.54 to –1.23).ConclusionThis study underscores the significant improvements in depression and cognitive function, and overall quality of life in individuals with mild to moderate AD. Additionally, the intervention alleviated caregiver burden, highlighting its potential as an effective mind-body approach for AD management. | ↑ |
5. Rock inhibitors in Alzheimer’s diseaseЧт, 20 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disease and cause of dementia. AD pathology primarily involves the formation of amyloid ? (A?) plaques and neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau). While A? targeted treatments have shown clinical promise, other aspects of AD pathology such as microgliosis, astrocytosis, synaptic loss, and hypometabolism may be viable targets for treatment. Among notable novel therapeutic approaches, the Ras homolog (Rho)-associated kinases (ROCKs) are being investigated as targets for AD treatment, based on the observations that ROCK1/2 levels are elevated in AD, and activation or inhibition of ROCKs changes dendritic/synaptic structures, protein aggregate accumulation, inflammation, and gliosis. This review will highlight key findings on the effects of ROCK inhibition in A? and ptau pathologies, as well as its effects on neuroinflammation, synaptic density, and potentially metabolism and bioenergetics. | ↑ |
6. 60 is the new 40: preparing for better bone health in later lifeСр, 19 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | ObjectiveIn this study we evaluated associations between nutritional factors, including calcium supplementation, and outcomes of fracture and cardiovascular mortality. We chose to report both outcomes as an illustration of the importance of nutritional factors in midlife to heart disease as this may be more impactful for supporting behavior change strategies, particularly in men.MethodsThis study was nested in the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, a community dwelling cohort of 2,997 adults (47% women) who were extensively phenotyped at baseline and followed up for 20 years using Hospital Episode Statistics linkage.ResultsMean (SD) age at baseline was 65.7 (2.9) among men and 66.6 (2.7) among women. There was some evidence that better diet quality was related to reduced risk of hip fracture after adjustment for sex (hazard ratio (95% CI): 0.82 (0.67, 1.00) per SD higher prudent diet score). Dietary calcium intake was not associated with either any fracture or hip fracture. Taking calcium supplements was associated with an increased risk of any fracture, possibly because of reverse causality as calcium supplements will typically be prescribed following an osteoporotic fracture. A higher dietary calcium intake was protective against cardiovascular-related mortality, while taking calcium supplements led to no excess risk (p= 0.870). Higher prudent diet scores, indicative of better diet quality, were related to other beneficial lifestyle choices such as reduced odds of ever smoking [odds ratio (95% CI) per SD higher diet score: 0.69 (0.63,0.74)], and higher physical activity (SD difference in physical activity score per SD higher diet score: 0.06 (0.02,0.10)).ConclusionWe have demonstrated the commonality of lifestyle factors to adverse clinical outcomes of fracture and heart disease in older adults. These data might be used in behavior change strategies aimed to improve nutrition and linked factors in midlife. | ↑ |
7. The influence of circulating cholesterol and its components in middle-aged adults on cognitive function at mid- and later-life; a systematic reviewСр, 19 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionSeveral measures of cardiovascular health have been investigated as potential risk factors for development of cognitive decline in mid-to later-life, among them, circulating cholesterol. However, the efficacy of midlife interventions aimed at reducing blood cholesterol to mitigate the risk of cognitive decline is uncertain, with conflicting evidence reported from a range of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies. This review systematically investigates the connection between cholesterol measures in midlife and their impact on cognitive function in both mid- and later-life.MethodsElectronic databases were explored from their inception until December 2023. Studies that evaluated the relationship between cholesterol and its sub-components in midlife (40–65 years) and cognitive function in mid and/or later-life were included. Qualitative analysis was used to assess the associations between cholesterol and cognition according to cognitive domains (positive, negative, or neutral).Results106 studies were included. We found inconsistent reporting on the association between midlife cholesterol and its sub-components, and cognitive function in older age. Longitudinal cohort studies (75%) generally showed no significant link between midlife cholesterol metrics and later-life cognitive domains. Conversely, half of individual cohort studies (50%) reported negative associations with memory, executive function, global cognition, and psychomotor speed. Most studies (78.6%) found no clear relationship between midlife cholesterol metrics and cognitive function either at midlife or later life, irrespective of study design or quality.DiscussionOur review found no conclusive link between midlife cholesterol and cognitive function in mid- and later-life, contrasting with the recent inclusion of high-LDL cholesterol as a modifiable risk factor for dementia by the 2024 Lancet Commission, following its exclusion in 2020 due to lack of evidence. These conflicting reports highlight the need to continue to investigate the importance of cholesterol metrics at midlife on cognitive function throughout the lifespan. Meanwhile, efforts to manage the all of cognitive decline in mid- and later-life across the population should continue to focus on other modifiable variables.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42021238293. | ↑ |
8. Association of systemic immune-inflammatory index with all-cause and cancer mortality in Americans aged 60 years and olderПн, 10 мар[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | BackgroundThis research delved into the association between the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and both all-cause and cancer-specific mortality among individuals aged 60 years and above in the United States during the period from 1999 to 2018, with follow-up extending until 31 December 2019. The data utilized was sourced from 4295 population-based participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).MethodsTo analyze the relationship between SII and mortality, the study employed Cox proportional-risk models, restricted cubic spline curves, survival curves, and subgroup analyses.ResultsThe average age of the participants was 70.7 (±7.6) years, the median follow-up duration was 131.7 (±59.8) months, and the all-cause mortality rate stood at 50.5%. Findings from the Cox regression model indicated that, after adjusting for covariates, SII was significantly and linearly related to all-cause mortality (hazard ratio HR= 1.31, 95% confidence interval CI= 1.15–1.48). Moreover, the relationship between SII and cancer mortality exhibited a U-shaped pattern. Results from the survival curves suggested that a higher SII was associated with an augmented risk of both all-cause mortality and cancer mortality.ConclusionThere is a significant association between higher SII levels and increased risk of all-cause and cancer-specific mortality in the US population aged 60 years and older. | ↑ |
9. Multiplexing and massive parallel sequencing of targeted DNA methylation to predict chronological ageПт, 28 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Estimation of chronological age is particularly informative in forensic contexts. Assessment of DNA methylation status allows for the prediction of age, though the accuracy may vary across models. In this study, we started with a carefully designed discovery cohort with more elderly subjects than other age categories, to diminish the effect of epigenetic drifting. We applied multiplexing and massive parallel sequencing of targeted DNA methylation, which let us to construct a model comprising 25 CpG sites with substantially improved accuracy (MAE= 2.279, R= 0.920). This model is further validated by an independent cohort (MAE= 2.204, 82.7% success (±5 years)). Remarkably, in a multi-center test using trace blood samples from forensic caseworks, the correct predictions (±5 years) are 91.7%. The nature of our analytical pipeline can easily be scaled up with low cost. Taken together, we propose a new age-prediction model featuring accuracy, sensitivity, high-throughput, and low cost. This model can be readily applied in both classic and newly emergent forensic contexts that require age estimation. | ↑ |
10. Comparison of characteristics of bimanual coordinated movements in older adults with frailty, pre-frailty, and robust healthЧт, 27 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionDespite the growing concern regarding a potential increase in the number of older adults with frailty owing to an aging global population, the characteristics of bimanual coordination in such older adults remain unclear. This study aimed to compare bimanual coordinated movements among community-dwelling older adults with frailty, pre-frailty, and robust health and identify the specific characteristics of these movements in older adults with frailty.MethodsParticipants were categorized into frail, pre-frail, and robust groups based on Kihon Checklist scores. They performed bimanual coordination tasks in-phase (tapping the thumb and index finger together as fast as possible) and anti-phase (alternating the movement between the left and right fingers), and the task parameters were compared among the groups.ResultsThe total travel distance during the anti-phase task in the frail group was significantly shorter than that in the robust group. However, all three groups showed lower finger dexterity during the anti-phase task than in the in-phase task and the left hand than in the right hand.ConclusionOlder adults with frailty exhibit less movement during bimanual coordination tasks than robust older adults, suggesting that such tasks may be useful tools for assessing frailty. | ↑ |
11. Demographic, health, and behaviors profile of Saudi Arabia’s aging population 2022–2023Ср, 26 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | BackgroundThe population aged 60 years and older in Saudi Arabia is rapidly increasing, leading to concerns regarding their health, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle behaviors. Aging is associated with a higher risk of chronic diseases, multimorbidity, and mental health issues, which can significantly affect the quality of life. However, national data on older people in Saudi Arabia remain limited.AimThis study aims to profile older people in Saudi Arabia during the years 2022–2023, focusing on their demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status, health conditions, and lifestyle behaviors.MethodsData were drawn from the Sharik Health Indicators Surveillance System (SHISS) 2022–2023, a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted through phone interviews. The final analysis included 2,702 participants aged 60 years and older. Descriptive statistics were employed to summarize demographic, health, and behavioral data.ResultsThe study revealed that over half (52%) of the participants had two or more chronic conditions, with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and type 2 diabetes being the most common. Mental health assessments indicated that 17.7% of older people were at risk of depression, and another 17.7% were at risk of anxiety. Additionally, the study found low adherence to healthy behaviors, with only 11.1% meeting the recommended fruit and vegetable intake and 20.1% engaging in sufficient physical activity. Furthermore, 67% of older people were classified as overweight or obese.ConclusionOlder people in Saudi Arabia face significant health challenges, including high rates of multimorbidity, mental health risks, and poor lifestyle behaviors. These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted health interventions and educational programs tailored to older people, aiming to improve their quality of life and contribute to the national goals outlined in Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030. | ↑ |
12. Age- and sex-related development of osteosarcopenia in the aging Octodon degus rodent modelЧт, 13 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | The increase in life expectancy in recent years has resulted in a higher incidence of age-related diseases. Among these, osteoporosis and sarcopenia, collectively known as osteosarcopenia, have the most significant impact on the quality of life, general health and frailty in the elderly. As for other age-related diseases, pre-clinical studies on these conditions are primarily limited by the availability of experimental model systems. The Octodon degus (O. degus) is a long-lived diurnal rodent identified as a potential tool in ageing research. However, age-related osteosarcopenia changes have not yet been explored. In this study, male and female O. degus from juvenile to senile ages were used (6 months–7 years old). Changes in the volume of several forelimbs and hindlimbs muscles, e.g., biceps femoris, triceps brachii, femur, and humerus, were evaluated using computed tomography. Aged animals showed a significant decrease in muscle volume in both hindlimbs and forelimbs, along with a significant reduction in cortical bone volume. With ageing, sex differences were also observed, with female O. degus showing greater cortical bone volume in both hind and forelimbs, and greater muscle mass in the sole hindlimbs, compared to male. These findings enhance the characterization of O. degus as a model to study age-related pathologies, also considering sex differences, and lay down solid foundations for future studies that can address in more detail the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of osteosarcopenia. | ↑ |
13. Klotho protects INS-1 pancreatic ?-cells from senescence and enhances mitochondrial functionЧт, 13 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Aging is an important contributing factor for ?-cell failure which could lead to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Aging ?-cell exhibits signs of senescence and develops senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), causing the senescence and dysfunction of neighboring cells through paracrine action. Klotho is recognized as an anti-aging gene, and the corresponding protein is ?-Klotho (KL). KL exerts potent anti-aging effects on multiple cell types, but its role in ?-cell aging remains unclear. Here we showed that pancreatic INS-1 cell (a rat insulinoma cell line commonly used to study pancreatic ?-cell function) developed the typical hallmarks of senescent cells when treated with doxorubicin in vitro, and this was accompanied by downregulation of endogenous KL expression. Supplementation with exogenous KL protein protected pancreatic INS-1 cell against senescence, as indicated by downregulation of senescent markers and SA-?-gal staining. Notably, these effects were associated with improved mitochondrial ATP production and mitochondrial dynamic balance, as well as reduced ROS production. Our study further revealed that INS-1 cell treated with doxorubicin exhibited a reduced insulin secretion response to glucose stimulation, while supplementation with KL could reverse this effect. Our results indicate the important role of KL in regulating ?-cell senescence and provide new mechanistic insights into its role in ?-cell aging. | ↑ |
14. Relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap and lumbar spine bone mineral density: a cross-sectional studyВт, 11 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between albumin-corrected anion gap (ACAG) and lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) in a diverse population, assessing how variations in ACAG levels correlate with changes in lumbar spine BMD and the potential implications for osteoporosis risk.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving 3,057 participants (1,555 males and 1,502 females). Participants were stratified into quartiles based on baseline ACAG levels. Demographic and clinical characteristics were analyzed, including age, sex, education level, body mass index (BMI), and prevalence of diabetes and hypertension. The association between ACAG and lumbar spine BMD was evaluated using multiple regression models, and a generalized additive model was employed to identify potential nonlinear relationships.ResultsThe analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between ACAG and lumbar spine BMD (P < 0.001). For each 1-unit increase in ACAG, BMD decreased with ? coefficients of –0.004 to –0.005 across various models. Quartile analysis indicated that participants in the highest ACAG quartile (>=19.55) experienced the most substantial reductions in BMD (? coefficients ranging from –0.034 to –0.036, P < 0.001). Furthermore, a U-shaped relationship was identified, with a turning point at an ACAG value of 22.15, indicating that lower ACAG levels were associated with decreased BMD, while higher levels showed a positive effect. Subgroup analyses by sex demonstrated consistent findings, with significant associations in both males and females.ConclusionThe findings underscore a significant association between elevated ACAG levels and reduced lumbar spine BMD, suggesting that ACAG may serve as a valuable biomarker for assessing osteoporosis risk. The identified nonlinear relationship further emphasizes the complexity of metabolic influences on bone health. These results warrant further investigation into the mechanisms underlying ACAG’s impact on bone density and its potential role in osteoporosis prevention strategies. | ↑ |
15. Effects of group music sessions on cognitive and psychological functions in healthy older adultsПн, 10 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionWith the rapid aging of the population worldwide and the prevalence of dementia and mental health problems among older adults, it is important to extend healthy life expectancy by maintaining brain and mental health. Playing musical instruments, which requires the integration of auditory, visual, and somatosensory functions, is considered an effective way to prevent the development of dementia. However, the effectiveness of group (band) music sessions in healthy older adults has not been investigated. Our purpose, therefore, was to investigate the effects of group music sessions on cognitive and psychological functions among healthy older adults.MethodsIn this open-label randomized controlled trial, participants aged 65–74, who had no musical experience, were randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group. The intervention group received in weekly 90-minute sessions with the instrument for 16 weeks. The control group received no intervention.ResultsThe results showed that the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) total score and the Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory II (WMS-LM II) score improved significantly, and the Vigor–Activity subscale score of the Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition (POMS 2) tended to improve.DiscussionThese findings indicated that group music sessions have a potentially beneficial effect for maintaining and improving cognitive and psychological functions in healthy older adults. | ↑ |
17. Investigating shared risk variants and genetic etiology between Alzheimer’s disease and three stress-related psychiatric disorders: a large-scale genome-wide cross-trait analysisСр, 05 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionObservational studies have reported that patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have a greater burden of comorbidities typically associated with stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, the contribution of hereditary factors to this comorbidity remains unclear. We evaluated phenotypic associations using observational data from the UK Biobank.MethodOur study focused on investigating the shared risk variants and genetic etiology underlying AD and three stress-related psychiatric disorders: post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety disorder, and major depressive disorder. By leveraging summary statistics from genome-wide association studies, we investigated global genetic correlations using linkage disequilibrium score regression, genetic covariance analysis, and high-definition likelihood. Genome-wide cross-trait analysis with association analysis based on subsets and cross-phenotype association were performed to discover genome-wide significant risk variants shared between AD and the three stress-related psychiatric disorders.ResultsA significant positive genetic correlation was observed between AD and major depressive disorder using linkage disequilibrium score regression (rg= 0.231; P= 0.018), genetic covariance analysis (rg= 0.138; P < 0.001), and high-definition likelihood (rg= 0.188; P < 0.001). Association analysis based on subsets and cross-phenotype association revealed thirteen risk variants in six genes shared between AD and post-traumatic stress disorder; seven risk variants in four genes shared between AD and anxiety disorder; and 23 risk variants in four genes shared between AD and major depressive disorder. Functional annotation and gene-set enrichment analysis indicated that 12 genes for comorbidity shared between patients with AD and all three stress-related psychiatric disorders were enriched in the spleen, pancreas, and whole blood.ConclusionThese results advance our knowledge of the shared genetic origins of comorbidities and pave the way for advancements in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of stress-related AD. | ↑ |
18. Immunogenetics of longevity and its association with human endogenous retrovirus KВт, 04 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | IntroductionThe human immune system is equipped to neutralize and eliminate viruses and other foreign antigens via binding of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules with foreign antigen epitopes and presenting them to T cells. HLA is highly polymorphic, resulting in subtle differences in the binding groove that influence foreign antigen binding and elimination. Here we tested the hypothesis that certain HLA alleles may promote longevity by enhanced ability to counter virus antigens that may otherwise contribute to morbidity and mortality.MethodsWe utilized high-resolution genotyping to characterize HLA and apolipoprotein E in a large sample (N= 986) of participants (469 men, 517 women) ranging in age from 24 to 90+ years old (mean age: 58.10 years) and identified 244 HLA alleles that occurred in the sample. Since each individual carries 12 classical HLA alleles (6 alleles of each Class I and Class II), we determined in silico the median predicted binding affinity for each individual (across the 12 HLA alleles) and each of 13 common viruses (Human Herpes Virus 1 [HHV1], HHV2, HHV3, HHV4, HHV5, HHV6A, HHV6B, HHV7, HHV8, human papilloma virus [HPV], human polyoma virus [JCV], human endogenous retrovirus K [HERVK], and HERVW). Next, we performed a stepwise multiple linear regression where the age of the participant was the dependent variable and the 13 median predicted HLA-virus binding affinities were the independent variables.ResultsThe analyses yielded only one statistically significant effect–namely, a positive association between age and HERVK (P= 0.005). Furthermore, we identified 13 HLA alleles (9 HLA-I and 4 HLA-II) that occurred at greater frequency in very old individuals (age >=90 years) as compared to younger individuals. Remarkably, for those 13 alleles, the predicted binding affinities were significantly higher for HERVK than for the other viruses (P < 0.001). ApoE genotypes did not differ significantly between older and younger groups.DiscussionTaken together, the results showed that HLA-HERVK binding affinity is a robust predictor of longevity and that HLA alleles that bind with high affinity to HERVK were enriched in very old individuals. The findings of the present study highlight the influence of interactions between host immunogenetics and virus exposure on longevity and suggest that specific HLA alleles may promote longevity via enhanced immune response to specific common viruses, notably HERVK. | ↑ |
19. Optimal exercise modalities and doses for therapeutic management of osteoarthritis of the kneeВт, 04 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive osteoarticular disease affecting the whole joint. In the United Kingdom, OA is the most prevalent joint disease, with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) being the most common type of OA. Key symptoms of KOA include knee pain, stiffness, and loss of physical function. Different types of exercise can be performed in people with KOA, which exert different magnitudes of impact forces on the knee joint, whereby the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) OA guidelines in fact recommend exercise as the core form of therapeutic OA management. However, the optimal type or dose – the cumulative intensity, duration, and frequency – of therapeutic exercise that most effectively provides KOA management is not currently known. This review aims to summarise and compare the literature, discussing optimal exercise modalities and doses for the management of KOA. All exercise modalities proved similarly beneficial at managing KOA with comparable improvements to knee pain, stiffness, and physical function, therefore with no optimal exercise modality identified. Benefits to KOA management was observed in everyone, including the elderly, obese, and those with severe KOA. Although, in those with severe KOA, walking was observed to only prevent further deterioration, rather than induce any symptomatic improvement. Furthermore, there was minimal difference between exercise modalities in relation to the improvements not only in KOA symptoms, but also modifiable KOA risk factors, adherence, adverse events, and QoL. Assessment of the dose-response relationship of each exercise modality showed that any dose of regular exercise was effective. Although, moderate intensity exercise performed three times weekly for 20-to-60-min appears optimal for KOA symptom control following most exercise modalities. Therefore, those with KOA should be encouraged to continue whatever exercise they currently do as should effectively manage symptoms, regardless of the modality or dose. However, those who do no exercise should use the present review in collaboration with clinicians via shared decision making to create a holistic exercise prescription. In summary, this review contributes to the literature through comprehensive discussion of different exercise modalities and doses in managing not only KOA symptoms, but modifiable KOA risk factors, exercise adherence, adverse events, and QoL. Additionally, summarised findings are discussed to give practical exercise recommendations to promote effective KOA management and recommendations for ongoing research. | ↑ |
20. Comprehensive health assessment of retired martial arts athletes: bone density, dietary intake, physical activity, and wellbeingПн, 03 фев[-/+]Категория(?) Автор(?) | Regular physical activity offers benefits like enhanced bone density, which often persists post-retirement. However, retirement can lead to weight gain and changes in quality of life due to reduced physical activity. Therefore, this study investigates the long-term effects of elite athletic experience by comparing retired Jordanian male elite athletes (ages 40–50) with non-athletes of the same age. The differences were explored in weight changes, bone density, quality of life, happiness, stress, insomnia, physical activity, and dietary intake to understand how martial arts impact these health dimensions.MethodsA descriptive case-control study was conducted among 30 retired male elite athletes and 20 age-matched non-athletes. Bone density and body composition were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans. Additional assessments included anthropometric measurements, a 3-day dietary recall, physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire), quality of life (WHOQOL), happiness (Subjective Happiness Scale), stress (Perceived Stress Scale), and insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index).ResultsRetired athletes showed significantly higher Z-scores for the left femur (neck and total) and the AP spine, with p-values = –1.9 and a T-score > –1.1, 20% had abnormal bone density with a Z-score < –1.9, and 15% had osteopenia with a T-score between –1.1 and –2.4. In contrast, 100% of retired athletes had normal bone density with a Z-score >= –1.9 and a T-score > –1.1. Retired athletes exhibited greater weight changes than non-athletes, with a p-value | ↑ |
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